Kernel modules permit enabling hardware features on a given system. For example, if we need to read from a particular filesystem from a hard drive, we need to load a particular kernel module. Or use a specific network card, a sound card or sound device, a video display, etc. This is mostly done automatically in […]
How to load and unload kernel modules in Linux
How to set the locale in FreeBSD
The locale is the character set that will be used. And it is very important to match the keyboard you are using. Mind this also matters if you are transferring data to other systems. Different standards as the ASCII, UTF’s and the ISO’s, to name a few, have been put in place through the years […]
Linux VS open source UNIX
Linux is the mainstream UNIX-like platform of choice in the modern world. There are valid open source code base alternatives from which many businesses have benefited from. This is a different approach on both.
How to install Fail2ban on FreeBSD
Fail2ban is a complementary tool to your firewall. It works by scanning log files and bans IPs which present suspicious activity such as failed logins. It is compatible with many UNIX-like systems and is a security tool to have in your arsenal. It can filter not only ssh logins, but other services too, for example […]
How to setup MariaDB master-slave replication on FreeBSD
Having all the data in just one server is not the best idea. Especially when talking about a database server. Spreading information in several boxes is a good measure to prevent data loss but also for performance. A MySQL/MariaDB master-slave replication scheme is often used as a good solution for both, data redundancy and speed. […]
How to install Ansible on FreeBSD
Ansible is a very useful tool geared to system’s configuration and applications deployment. In this how to install Ansible on FreeBSD I will briefly explain what the tool is, what it does, what it does not and how to install it on FreeBSD. I will also demonstrate very basic use and on a later article […]
How to install AWStats on FreeBSD 13.0
AWStats is a very powerful and useful software allowing webmasters count the visits to their managed websites. The tool is basically coded in Perl and it was a very popular choice before Google made it way easy when they launched their Google Analytics tool. However, nowadays not everyone is using Google Analytics services and even […]
How to install Apache in FreeBSD with ports
Or better said, how to install Apache the hard way. As mentioned before and many other times FreeBSD has two ways to install software. The easy one which is provided by the pkgng tool. And the not so easy one, ports. With ports you compile the programs and you can set the options the way […]
List of Speculative Execution Vulnerabilities
Vulnerability CVE Exploit name Public vulnerability name Firmware changes Spectre 2017-5753 Variant 1 Bounds Check Bypass (BCB) No Spectre 2017-5715 Variant 2 Branch Target Injection (BTI) Yes Meltdown 2017-5754 Variant 3 Rogue Data Cache Load (RDCL) No Spectre-NG 2018-3640 Variant 3a Rogue System Register Read (RSRE) Yes Spectre-NG 2018-3639 Variant 4 Speculative Store Bypass (SSB) […]
What is GNU/Linux?
To answer this question one must split it. Plus make other questions like: «What is a, so called, Linux distro?». It seems complex and it is in a way. But let´s explain GNU/Linux in simple terms. GNU stands for GNU is Not UNIX. So it´s clear is not UNIX but it´s related to it in […]